Local context
An economy that makes things, feeds people and writes code
Invest Northern Ireland, the regional development agency, describes an economy with an unusually wide base. Farming is the largest industry, agri-food is the biggest manufacturing activity, and manufacturing as a whole is a key sector for jobs and output. Alongside that sit aerospace and defence suppliers, a materials handling cluster that builds much of the world's tracked crushing and screening equipment, a growing green economy, and a sizeable life and health sciences cluster.
The technology story has moved just as quickly. Invest NI points to the region as a leading European destination for US cyber security investment, with software engineering underpinning newer clusters in fintech, govtech and sports technology. Home-grown names such as Kainos and STATSports now export worldwide, while Ulster University and Queen's University Belfast carry out internationally recognised AI research. Screen production has its own profile too: much of Game of Thrones was filmed here.
Geography shapes how firms trade. Northern Ireland is the part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland, so plenty of businesses here sell to customers in Great Britain, across the island of Ireland and further afield at the same time. The Department for the Economy's 10X Economy vision sets out an aim of growth driven by innovation in areas of real strength, and for most smaller firms that ambition starts with replacing paper, spreadsheets and disconnected tools with software that fits the way they trade.